Influencia del modelo de densidad en el modelado numérico de convección natural cercano al punto de inversión de densidad del agua durante la transferencia de calor conjugado transitoria
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La pasteurización de productos lácteos mediante el método de baja temperatura y tiempo prolongado es un tratamiento térmico simple y eficaz que requiere de baja inversión, siendo atractivo para la producción de leche a baja escala. Sin embargo, en su diseño del proceso el período de enfriamiento de la pasteurización a menudo no es considerado. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la transferencia de calor entre dos cilindros cerrados verticales concéntricos llenos de agua durante el proceso de enfriamiento de un tratamiento térmico discontinuo. Para este proceso, la temperatura del recinto exterior osciló entre 2 ºC y 4 ºC, cerca de la temperatura de inversión de la densidad del agua (3,98 ºC), mientras que la temperatura del recinto interno osciló entre 63 y 4 C. Esto se simuló utilizando el método de volumen finito del sofware OpenFOAM mediante algoritmos para transferencia de calor conjugados. Se analizaron, compararon y validaron el uso diferentes modelos de densidad del agua para la simulación con datos experimentales. Los modelos de densidad que no tenían punto de inversión no pudieron modelar este proceso con precisión y subestimaron el tiempo que requiere el recinto interior para alcanzar la temperatura final (4 ºC).
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Aceptado 2025-04-28
Publicado 2025-06-23
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