Kombucha y sus derivados deshidratados y liofilizados: caracterización fisicoquímica, microbiológica y evaluación de toxicidad in vivo
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Kombucha es una biopelícula compuesta por un cultivo simbiótico de bacterias y levaduras, conocido como SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast). El SCOBY sufre procesos de deterioro y pérdida de atributos nutricionales, bioactivos y sensoriales, lo que impacta negativamente en su vida útil. Estas pérdidas pueden evitarse mediante métodos de secado, que ayudan a prolongar la vida útil y conservar los compuestos de acción de sus constituyentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue someter y evaluar Kombucha SCOBY a las técnicas de deshidratación por calor y liofilización. Los análisis incluyeron pH, sólidos solubles totales, acidez titulable total, turbidez, contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales, actividad antioxidante, evaluación microbiológica y pruebas de toxicidad in vivo. Todos los análisis fueron evaluados estadísticamente a un nivel de probabilidad del 5%, utilizando el software SAS. Tanto las bebidas de Kombucha como los productos secos exhibieron cantidades considerables de compuestos fenólicos y actividad antioxidante. Los recuentos de microorganismos oscilaron entre 104 y 108 CFU.ml-1 para bebidas y productos desarrollados. En las pruebas in vivo con Caenorhabditis elegans, no se observó un aumento en la mortalidad y los gusanos alimentados con los productos fermentados mostraron un mayor crecimiento.
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Aceptado 2024-02-08
Publicado 2024-07-10
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