Tratamientos aplicables para la reducción de la DQO recalcitrante de efluentes de pulpados quimimecánicos y semiquímicos (revisión)
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Resumen
Los procesos de fabricación de pulpa celulósicas quimimecánicas y semiquímicas, debido a su elevado rendimiento, no poseen sistemas de recuperación de reactivos basados en la combustión de la materia orgánica disuelta,. Las sustancias que se descargan con el efluente de una fábrica celulósica varían según el proceso que se utilice, pero en general, pueden clasificarse en materiales coloreados, materiales fáciles y difíciles de biodegradar y materiales tóxicos. Como consecuencia, luego del tratamiento biológicode sus efluentes líquidos, queda una cierta cantidad de materia orgánica difícil de degradar, denominada recalcitrante, que se mide como Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO). Existen diferentes métodos de eliminación o degradación de estas substancias, como los tratamientos fisicoquímicos, tratamientos biológicos convencionales y con hongos, y los procesos de tratamientos integrados. Se presenta una revisión de estos métodos relacionados con su eficiencia en remoción de la DQO del efluente.
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