Biocarbón Magnetizado de Origen Animal y Vegetal en la Remediación de Suelos Contaminados con Plomo: Una revisión de Literatura
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La investigación se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la eficiencia del biocarbón magnetizado de origen vegetal y animal en la remediación de suelos contaminados con Pb. Se desarrollo el método PRISMA 2020 para la revisión de la literatura, empleando metabuscadores científicos como Web of Science, Scopus y ScienceDirect; seguido, se determinó la fórmula booleana para su análisis; finalmente, se sintetizaron los artículos relevantes. Los resultados arrojaron 35 artículos, de origen de biomasa, preparación de biocarbón y eficiencia de remediación obtenidos. Obteniendo como resultado lo siguiente: El tipo de material precursor más utilizado ha sido el vegetal (90%); el método de elaboración del biocarbón más usado fue el de pirólisis a 500C° (35%) y el agente magnetizador fue FeCl3 (18%); la eficiencia de remoción de plomo máxima fue de 99.50% utilizando como material precursor el plátano oriental en 120 días, además, del agente magnetizador FeCl3 con un porcentaje de remoción de 99.50%; finalmente, se obtuvo como resultado general que la eficiencia de remediación dependerá de dos factores importantes: el agente magnetizador y la porosidad del material precursor.
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